In the former post I introduced the microcontroler platform I will use. Now I start to design the circuits I want to attach to it. I decided that I will not make any custom printed circuit boards. Instead I will use a strip board like this:
strip board
It will require more soldering and adding some ugly wires, but I don’t have to design the PCB and don’t have to play with chemicals. Cool. Since we do not have to design a PCB, I will draw the circuits by hand.
Lets start with the simplest stuff first. Push buttons:
push button
When the switch is open (default state) the arduino input is pulled to the ground and it has a logical 0 value. When the switch is closed there will be almost 5V (~4.76V) on the arduino input and it has a logical value 1. The 500 ohms resistor might not be necessary. It just limits the possible current on the input to 10mA. There might be some built in resistor in the arduino, but I didn’t check it. On arduino pages it is not there. If you know something for sure just let me know 
For now I will stay with this safe solution.
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