Today I draw the circuit for the microphone. I’m going to connect an electret microphone to the Arduino. It is a simple preamplifier circuit:
It is a classic amplifier with a transistor. The only interesting thing here is the diode at the output. Arduino does not like negative voltage at the analog input, so I cut the negative part of the signal. Since we are just interested in the amplitude of the signal (volume), it does not cause any problem.

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